畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1169-1175.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2015.07.013

• 动物营养 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同光色对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、胴体性能及性征发育的影响

李云雷1,孙研研1,华登科1,王全红2,王重庆2,白皓1,刘念1,李冬立3,罗清尧1,陈超1,陈继兰1*   

  1. (1.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京 100193;2.北京市畜牧业环境监测站,北京 102200;3.北京百年栗园生态农业有限公司,北京 101500)
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-30 出版日期:2015-07-23 发布日期:2015-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 陈继兰,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事家禽遗传育种研究,E-mail:chen.jilan@163.com
  • 作者简介:李云雷(1991-),男,河南遂平人,硕士生,主要从事家禽遗传育种研究,E-mail:mailyunlei@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-42);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS04)

Effects of Light Color on Production and Carcass Performance and Sexual Characteristics in Yellow-feathered Broilers

LI Yun-lei1,SUN Yan-yan1,HUA Deng-ke1,WANG Quan-hong2,WANG Chong-qing2,BAI Hao1,LIU Nian1,LI Dong-li3,LUO Qing-yao1,CHEN Chao1,CHEN Ji-lan1*   

  1. (1.Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;2.Beijing Monitoring Station of Animal Husbandry Environment,Beijing 102200,China;3.Beijing Bainianliyuan Ecological Agriculture Co.,LTD,Beijing 101500,China)
  • Received:2014-10-30 Online:2015-07-23 Published:2015-07-23

摘要:

试验采用LED(Light-emitting diodes)灯作为人工光源,研究4种光照颜色对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能、胴体性能及性征发育的影响,为科学合理的利用光色,提高肉鸡生产性能提供理论指导。试验选取720只1日龄北京油鸡,分为白光组、绿光组(λ = 525 nm)、蓝光组(λ = 460 nm)和红光组(λ = 630 nm)4个处理组,每个处理设6个重复,每个重复30只,自由采食、饮水。第1周光照强度为20 lx,从第2周开始为5 lx,采用16 h夜间补光光照节律。详细记录加料重量,分别在第4周末、第8周末、第13周末结料并称重,称量各重复组重量前禁食12 h。在第13周末抽样屠宰,获取胴体性能数据。结果显示,在育雏期和生长期红光组生长缓慢,在第8周末平均体重显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),在育肥期红光组发生补偿性生长,在13周末各组体重无显著差异(P>0.05);死亡统计分析显示,相对于白光,蓝光和红光能够提高肉鸡的成活率;红光组的胸肌重和胸肌率显著低于绿光组(P<0.05),各组的腿肌重和腿肌率没有显著差异(P>0.05);白光组脂肪沉积量低;红光能够提高公鸡睾丸重量和睾丸脏器指数。在黄羽肉鸡的生产中,育雏期使用蓝光,生长育肥期采用红光的光照制度,可提高肉鸡成活率,促进性腺发育。

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of light color on the production and carcass performance and sexual characteristics of Yellow-feathered broilers,aimed to provide theoretical and practical guidance for poultry production.A total of 720 one-day-old Beijing-You chicks were reared under white light,green light (λ = 525 nm),blue light (λ = 460 nm) and red light (λ = 630 nm) from light-emitting diode lamps as light sources.Each treatment included 6 replicate groups with 30 chicks per group.Feed and water were provided for ad libitum consumption.All birds were exposed to 20 lx of light intensity for the first week,and then 5 lx till the end.Feed consumption was recorded daily.At the end of 4,8 and 13 weeks of age,body weight was recorded.At the end of 13 weeks of age,the chosen birds were sacrificed and carcass data were collected.The present study found that in the brooding and growth period,the birds in red light group grew slowly,and reached statistical significanc groups(P<0.05)at the end of 8 weeks of age,but then the red light group grew rapidly and caught up with the other groups (P>0.05) at the end of 13 weeks age.Compared with the white light group,the blue and red color light improved the survival rate.Breast muscle weight and percentage of red light group were lower than that of green light group(P<0.05),while thigh muscle weight and percentage had no significant differences(P>0.05).Fat deposition capability of monochromatic light groups was higher than that of white light group.The red light increased the weight of testis.The result indicate that,in the brooding period,the intelligent use of blue light improves survival rate,and then the red light enhances the chickens’ body growth and gonadal development in the fattening period.

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